How to Keep Solar Panels Clean

Surface soiling on solar panels, especially in locations with low precipitation, leads to performance losses due to shading or reflection of incident light. Until now, the surfaces have had to be cleaned regularly at short intervals, which is associated with considerable costs.

So how can adhering dirt be prevented on solar modules? Experimental research conducted by Fraunhofer CSP has proven that increased surface moisture or condensation during the night and early morning hours is a major cause of dirt adhesion. Heating to prevent condensation could prevent dust from sticking, but this has so far failed due to a lack of a control concept.

The project therefore aimed to develop a highly sensitive surface moisture sensor system that allows energy-efficient heating of the surfaces of photovoltaic modules. After configuration in the laboratory, validation in real-world use at representative locations took place. The aim was to determine the economic potential and control parameters depending on specific applications and weather conditions. Further potential applications are seen in wind turbines, CSP (concentrated solar power), and aviation.